Impact of drip irrigation on farming system agecon search. These will have direct effects on crop growth and their need for water, as well as soil fertility, water supply for irrigation, and prevalence of pests and diseases. Harvesting operations basically include the manual cutting of mature rice. The most visible impact of irrigation can be seen in farming households income. Still, the studies on impacts of drip irrigation on the farming system as a whole are scanty and yet to be explored much. Impact of water user associations on agricultural productivity in chile nancy mccarthy timothy essam. Social impact of a manual irrigation technology in south asi.
In this context, the drip irrigation has received much attention from policy makers and others for its perceived ability to contribute significantly to groundwater resources development, agricultural productivity. The empirical results details in the full paper show that there is no significant growth taking place in agriculture productivity when the level of all inputs use and. Since irrigation is well developed in north africa and a large part of the available irrigable land there is already under irrigation, this report focuses mostly on subsaharan africa. The present study is undertaken with the specific objectives of the investigation as follows. Our main identification strategy is based on a sufficient number of households cultivating multiple plots of different irrigation status. Technological and management innovations in irrigation water. Impact of agricultural public spending on agricultural productivity. Impact of irrigation on interannual variability in united.
Irrigation depends on implementing a number of interrelated functions, carried out by various parties, often with different interests. Irrigation is basic determinants of agriculture because its inade quacies are the most powerful constraints on increase of agricultural production. In this paper, the development of an integrated modelling approach involving the coupling of a water application model with a biophysical crop simulation model aquacrop to evaluate the infield impacts of precision irrigation. It validates the hypothesis that deficiencies in rural infrastructure e. Drought, climate change and potential agricultural. This paper analyses prospects for equitable allocation of canal and groundwater to improve livelihoods of farmers by increasing crop production and reducing the negative effect of groundwater salinity on crop yield. The environmental impact of agriculture varies widely based on practices employed by farmers and by the scale of practice. Key determinants of indias food supply and income growth are the rate of agricultural productivity growth and how its major sources affect that. In the context of irrigation user groups, repetto 1986 modeled the negative impacts on individuals incentives to participate in collective action where links with higherlevel organizations usually government agencies were weak. And improving the agricultural productivity of farmers requires developing and disseminating costeffective agricultural technologies. To determine the impact of irrigation on agricultural productivity in the selected sample villages of study area. Impact of green revaluation variables on agriculture productivity in pakistan. Impact of canal irrigation on improved agricultural productivity dr.
Objective of the study the objectives of the study are given below. Next, a quantitative analysis using the 307 observations was completed. Drought, climate change and agriculture drought is a major factor in agricultural productivity especially in developing regions recent events in east africa are testament to this prospects for the future under climate change are of concern this is set against the expected increase in population. Agricultural production function weather and climate are still key factors in agricultural productivity, despite technological advances such as improved crop varieties and irrigation systems yt at f kt, lt, nt, zt, where zt is a vector of climate and weather factors. These will have direct effects on crop growth and their need for water, as well as soil fertility, water supply for irrigation, and. Agriculture production will be affected by increasing temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and more frequent and intense extreme weather events. Civil and environmental engineering, princeton university, princeton, nj 2department of applied physics and applied mathematics, columbia university, new york, ny. Impact of irrigation on agricultural growth and poverty. Combining a primary household survey with geographical data, we estimate the impact of the project on. Using plot level production data from a nationwide survey in india, we study the impact of irrigation on crop productivity, land prices and. Kavipriya department of civil engineering, panimalar engineering college, chennai, tamil nadu, india keywords. Impact of modern irrigation on household production and welfare.
Irrigation infrastructure for sustainable and improved. Pdf the impact of irrigation on agricultural productivity. What is the impact of infrastructural investments in roads. An impact of irrigation on agricultural productivity in. Comparing village to village differences of agricultural productivity, a profile of agricultural productivity is examined with a focus on impact of irrigation on agricultural productivity in study area. Modelling impacts of precision irrigation on crop yield and. This study attempted to quantify the impact of public infrastructure both social and physical investment on total factor productivity tfp in punjab, pakistan using the multivariate cobbdouglas production function for the period 19702005. Impact of canal irrigation on improved agricultural. On average, irrigated crop yields tend to be highter. To investigate the effect of irrigation on agricultural productivity corn yields from. The impact of icts along with seed, fertiliser, amount borrowed and level of education on net profit per acre was also positive but statistically insignificant. Solow, 1957 hayami and ruttan 1971 estimated a constant returns to scale cobb. The present paper studies the impact of irrigation on agricultural productivity in odisha.
The study adopted a descriptive research design and used a simple regression model to establish the significance. Socioeconomic impacts of irrigated agriculture in mbarali district of southwest tanzania. The impact of irrigation on agricultural productivity. Irrigation allows for a more consistent food supply and higher productivity. Pdf impact of social and physical infrastructure on. The continued productivity of irrigated agriculture will be critical as national and world populations grow and demand more food and fiber. Impact of participatory irrigation management on water. Impact of agriculture productivity on economic growth. Projected climate change is expected to affect crop and livestock production. On average, irrigated crop yields tend to be highter than those from unirrigated land lascano and sojka, 2007, but there can also be. The impacts of irrigation world bank document world bank group.
This result also revealed that rainfall has positive but insignificant impact on aggregate agricultural production. Drought, climate change and potential agricultural productivity. Impact of agricultural public spending on agricultural. Firstly, irrigation increases farm yield through the stable and sufficient water supply. Impact of mechanization on agricultural productivity farm mechanization is regarded as sinequanon to reduce the human drudgery and enhance the agricultural productivity. Rural infrastructure, like other public investments, raises agricultural productivity. After household fixed effects and plot characteristics are controlled for, our estimations show that irrigation has a strong and significant impact on all these outcomes with the dominant effects. Irrigation system performance and its impact on crop productivity in. Using plot level production data from a nationwide survey in india, we study the impact of irrigation on crop productivity, land prices and cropping intensities. A longitudinal analysis from palawan, the philippines a thesis submitted to the faculty of purdue university by richard tolentino yao in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science august 2005.
Impact of irrigation on agricultural growth and poverty alleviation. What is the impact of infrastructural investments in roads, electricity and irrigation on agricultural productiv ity. Recent studies have shown increased co 2 sequestration, reduced n 2o emissions and more efficient fertilizer use associated with irrigation. Aug 29, 2017 precision irrigation technologies are being widely promoted to resolve challenges regarding improving crop productivity under conditions of increasing water scarcity. Irrigation raises the productivity of land directly by providing sufficient water supply to. Water management for sustainable food production mdpi. Water is a necessary input of agricultural production, and in.
The environmental impact of agriculture is the effect that different farming practices have on the ecosystems around them, and how those effects can be traced back to those practices. During the postgreen revolution period, the impact of farm mechanization on agricultural production and productivity has been well recognized. Identify externalities and their impacts on irrigation s potential contribution to african agricultural transformation. Data were collected from 120 farmers, 60 from each distributary through random sampling technique. Agricultural production function yt at f kt, lt, nt where yt is the value added in the agricultural sector in year t kt, capital, l t labor, n t land used in period t. Irrigation growth rate will be slower than in the past. Impact evaluation of irrigation on rural household welfare. Smallscale irrigation offers the potential to expand production and thus the availability of food during the lean season, which would benefits income, food. The impact of infrastructure on agricultural productivity. In addition, irrigation can make crop production possible in. Differential impacts of rainfall and irrigation on. The impact of irrigation on agricultural productivi ty. Pdf an impact of irrigation on agricultural productivity in. For this purpose, a farmers field survey was conducted at a pilot plain with banana plantations.
Chapter 6 offers direction to answer the question how to develop successful irrigation. Pdf using plot level production data from a nationwide survey in india, we study the impact of irrigation on crop productivity, land prices and. What is the impact of infrastructural investments in roads, electricity and irrigation on agricultural productivi ty. At the group level, ostroms 1992 seminal work on selfgoverning irrigation groups lays out. The impact of small scale irrigation on household food.
Pdf impact of irrigation on productivity of land researchgate. The study recommended that the government should create an integrated agricultural information system on agrotechnologies and techniques. This study quantifies the marginal impact of irrigation and other factor inputs on agricultural productivity of all inputs and on two key poverty measures across the states. Services contact us what is the impact of infrastructural investments in roads, electricity and irrigation on agricultural productivi ty. Examine the socioeconomic characteristics of farmers in the study area. Irrigation has historically been a major factor for increasing crop productivity. Impact of irrigation on agricultural productivity, nutrition, health and. Central to these questions has been the waning impact of cereal grain technologies typified by the green revolution, concurrent with rising consumer demand for highvalue foods. If ssa does not increase agricultural productivity through irrigation expansion and. Irrigated agriculture provides a buffer against crop failure due to drought. A study on irrigation and agricultural productivity in odisha. Drought, climate change and potential agricultural productivity justin sheffield1, julio e. Properly managed irrigation can increase crop yields, reduce risks commonly associated with agriculture, increase product. Dec 01, 2016 the impact of irrigation on aggregate agricultural production showed that a percentage change in arable land under would lead to 4.
In agricultural based countries, public investment on rural infrastructure not only increases agricultural productivity but also reduces poverty. For the purpose kendalls ranking coeicient method and skewed distribution are used. In general irrigation development, rehabilitation or modernisation of existing. Currently, a quantitative understanding of the role of irrigation in stabilizing agricultural yields is lacking, limiting the realization of irrigation adoption impacts. Different studies revealed that access to reliable irrigation water can enable farmers to adopt new technologies and intensify cultivation, leading to increased productivity. Irrigation systems have been shown to substantially improve farmers productivity, and thus help alleviate poverty. Historically, irrigation has been an important agricultural technology with strong impact on crop productivity. The impacts of irrigated agriculture in addition to altering the level and composition of factors of production and raising or lowering unit production costs, the introduction of irrigation has an impact on the level, stability, composition and seasonality of agricultural output and on the physical characteristics of the commodity harvested. Modelling impacts of precision irrigation on crop yield. Crop yields everywhere are consistently higher in irrigated than rainfed areas lipton et al. Impact of irrigation on agricultural productivity, nutrition.
The 30 districts of the state are grouped on the basis of their irrigation intensity and agricultural productivity. Effect of irrigation and drought on agricultural productivity. Estimate the impact of irrigation on crop productivity in the study area 3. During the postgreen revolution period, the impact of farm mechanization on agricultural production and productivity. Constraints and potentials of future irrigation water. Impacts of irrigation on agricultural productivity in. Pdf this paper seeks to examine the response of agricultural productivity to irrigation and its impact on growth of agricultural productivity in the. Pdf an impact of irrigation on agricultural productivity. Impact of modern irrigation on household production and. The risk mitigation provided by irrigation goes beyond simple economic advantage to the farmer. Sincere involvement of government, policy makers, planners, farmers and ngos can achieve the goal of self suiciency in agricultural production through promotion of irrigation. This study evaluated the motives of farmers to pay irrigation fees and participation in irrigation infrastructure improvement and assessed the impact of irrigation reforms on agricultural productivity and water availability. Jan 23, 2020 irrigated agricultural sectors in many countries are facing the challenge of low crop yields and this trend is made worse by inequality of water allocation among water users.
The purpose of irrigation is to produce crops that have economic and social value. Irrigation is also by far the largest component of anthropogenic demand for fresh. The profitability of irrigation and drainage in humid areas depends on seasonal rainfall, adequate economic returns from crops, and irrigation and drainage expenses. Introduction canal irrigation has been a dominant component of tamil nadu agriculture. Impact of canal irrigation on improved agricultural productivity. Irrigation is of paramount importance to increasing productivity on existing agricultural lands, and projected perhectare irrigation consumption is thus an important output of global gridded crop models ggcms. Impacts of irrigation development on agricultural submitted. In this study an attempt is made to analyse the incremental impact input specific effects of irrigation and other factor inputs on growth of total factor productivity. To check the significance of agricultural productivity. The future of food and agriculture depends on the capacity of agricultural innovation systems to provide farmers with innovations that address an increasingly diverse and complex range of needs, including improved farm productivity and environmental performance, as well as better responses to climate change. At is a coefficient that denotes the level of technology, usually called total factor productivity or solow residual. The fifth section considers the engineering options that affect how irrigation water is applied at project and farm level. The research problem of the study is to measure the impact of the agriculture sector productivity on economic growth of pakistan during the period 19722012.
Agricultural productivity, efficiency, and rural poverty in irrigated pakistan6. Impact of technology adoption on agricultural productivity. This study examines the impacts of increased salinity on agricultural productivity and groundwater use for irrigation with the aim to cope with overexploitation associated with potential climate change impacts. Impact of water use competition in irrigation sector development in africa. Technological and management innovations in irrigation. Impact of irrigation on nutrition, health and gender. May 01, 2020 irrigation contributes to enhance and sustain agricultural production in the u. After household fixed effects and plot characteristics are controlled for, our estimations show that irrigation has a strong and significant impact. Estimate the impact of drought on crop productivity in the study area 4. Accordingly, increasing agricultural production, reducing poverty and meeting the demands for food without irreversible degradation of the natural resource base are possible 3. The impact of institutional credit, fertilizers, seeds, and irrigation on agricultural production was found positive and significant zuberi, 1983, 1990. From the evidence, it was apparent that a wide range of indicators had been used to assess the impact of investment in rural infrastructure on agricultural productivity. For the agricultural development analysis, data pertaining to 21 variables for the period 20102015 were collected and grouped into six major development categories irrigation, agricultural land use, technology, agricultural production, human resource and rural infrastructure.
1730 783 1444 871 3 274 1164 406 999 834 481 1746 1137 329 1747 224 612 475 1312 1055 762 1105 1410 115 1332 1541 227 1181 844 1598 1289 555 957 1551 429 767 906 145 958